Tomato genome
Tomato genome published in Nature
- Issue: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v485/n7400/
- Nature Commentary: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v485/n7400/full/485547a.html
- Nature Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v485/n7400/full/nature11119.html
- The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution
Solanum-specific paleohexaploidy (whole genome triplication)
From: tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution
"Comparison with the grape genome also reveals a more recent triplication in tomato and potato. Whereas few individual tomato/potato genes remain triplicated (Supplementary Tables 10 and 11), 73% of tomato gene models are in blocks that are orthologous to one grape region, collectively covering 84% of the grape gene space. Among these grape genomic regions, 22.5% have one orthologous region in tomato, 39.9% have two, and 21.6% have three, indicating that a whole-genome triplication occurred in the Solanum lineage, followed by widespread gene loss. This triplication, also evident in potato (Supplementary Fig. 11), is estimated at 71 (±19.4) Myr on the basis of the Ks of paralogous genes (Supplementary Fig. 10), and therefore predates the ~7.3 Myr tomato–potato divergence."
Further comparisons using CoGe: Lack of evidence for a solanum specific hexaploidy
If tomato and potato share a common recent hexaploidy, there should be a strong 1:3 syntenic signal in the syntenic dotplot of these genomes. With Ks value calculations, we would expect to see a strong orthologous region and two out-paralogous regions of approximately equal ages. However, analysis of these genomes in SynMap reveals one strong orthologous region and one out-paralogous region, which supports a shared tetraploidy. Interestingly, there are a couple of regions that show two out-paralogous regions. Tomato v. potato
